Analysis Of Drowning Sorrows Social Work Essay Essay Example

Analysis Of Drowning Sorrows Social Work Essay Essay Example Analysis Of Drowning Sorrows Social Work Essay Essay Analysis Of Drowning Sorrows Social Work Essay Essay 2009 ) . This makes Howard a danger to himself and/or others. Until these other issues are addressed, Howard can non turn his full attending to bereavement guidance. Contextual Analysis Macro Violence. In a recent visit, Howard was intoxicated and unsuitably touched Karla. When a societal worker visits a client in their place, and the client has been imbibing, the societal worker is placed in danger. Harmonizing to the National Association of Social Workers, ( NASW ) , work related force against societal workers is an unpleasant fact ( Safety Policy, 2010 ) . Work related force against societal workers is permeant and must be addressed by every school of societal work, bureau, and single worker. The National Association of Social Workers has identified that there is a upseting tendency of force against societal workers and other human service professionals. This force includes physical assault, verbal assault, torment, and the menace of assault ( Department of Labor, 1996 ) . Many happenings of force can be anticipated and their impact lessened ; some may be prevented wholly. Alcohol Abuse. Harmonizing to recent alcohol addiction dependence research, it has been found that about 53 per centum of the grownups in the United States have stated that one or more of their close relations has a imbibing problemthat requires professional alcohol addiction aid ( Kent, 2010 ) . Data indicated that about 15 per centum of people in the United States are job drinkers, and approximately five to ten per centum of male drinkers and three to five per centum of female drinkers could be diagnosed as intoxicant dependant ( Kent, 2010 ) . Alcoholism is a major societal, economic, and public wellness job. Alcohol is involved in more than half of all inadvertent deceases and about half of all traffic deceases ( Schuckit A ; Smith, 2006 ) . A high per centum of self-destructions involve the usage of intoxicant along with other substances ( Schuckit A ; Smith, 2006 ) . Peoples who abuse or are dependent on intoxicant are more likely to be unemployed, involved in domestic force, and have jobs with the jurisprudence ( such as imbibing and drive ) . Additionally, there is an extended literature associating impulsivity to alcohol usage and intoxicant jobs in human surveies ( Dick, et al. , 2009 ) . It is besides good known that heavy intoxicant usage can trip unprompted behaviour ( Dick, et al. , 2009 ) . This would bespeak that Howard stating that he will hit himself should be taken earnestly and reported to governments. Suicide Suicide is a major public wellness job ( Suicide, 2010 ) . Not merely is suicide riotous to the quality of life of subsisters and friends it is dearly-won. Suicides that are attempted and completed consequence in tremendous societal, economic, and medical costs ( Suicide, 2010 ) . It is estimated that self-destruction efforts cost about $ 33,000 annually in the United States ( Suicide, 2010 ) . Suicide occurs most frequently in response to a crisis such as a decease or loss of a relationship or occupation. Almost all persons that kill themselves suffer from depression or substance maltreatment issues ( Suicide, 2010 ) . Mezzo-soprano A survey released in March 2006 by the National Association of Social Workers found that 55 % of 5,000 accredited societal workers surveyed said they faced safety issues on the occupation. Sixty-eight per centum said their employers had non adequately addressed their concerns. On a mezzo degree, Karla s bureau does non look to hold any safety processs or policies in topographic point. When Karla speaks to Shannon about her concerns, while suggestions are made, Shannon does non take a proactive stance and acquire involved. Karla has stated that she does non experience safe in Howard s place. She has explained to her supervisor that Howard lives in a distant country where aid might non be available to her and her bureau has non stepped frontward with a program to ease her frights. NASW postulates that if bureaus have good conceived safety policies and processs in topographic point, client and worker safety will be maximized and the bureau s liability can minimise. Micro On the micro degree, while Howard has been referred to Karla for mourning guidance, Karla understands and has explained to Howard that if he is imbibing, mourning guidance will non be of much usage. Karla besides believes that Howard is a suicide hazard. The NASW Code of Ethics says that Social Workers respect and promote the right of clients to self-government and assist clients in their attempts to place and clear up their ends. Social workers may restrict clients right to self-government when, in the societal workers professional judgement, clients actions or possible actions pose a serious, foreseeable, and at hand hazard to themselves or others. Howard has stated to Karla that he knows how to stop his ain life and has identified a program ; he will hit himself. Although this menace may non be subjective at this clip, he has identified how he will stop his ain life, and this could be considered a foreseeable event. In add-on, maltreatment of intoxicant has been shown to increase unprompted behaviour ( Dick, et al. , 2010 ) . Alternate Schemes Strategy One Howard has identified a self-destruction program, and hence, is a danger to himself. Kara should name the constabulary and study that he has indicated to her that he has developed a program for self-destruction. Therefore, he should be brought to a Community Mental Health Center, where he could be seen by a Accredited Mental Health Professional and undergo detoxification, if he meets Emergency Detention, ( ED ) standard. An Emergency Detention is when a individual is believed to be a danger to themselves or others, the individual may be detained, involuntarily through a legal procedure ( Schwartz, 2007 ) . The phrase, a danger to self agencies that there is grounds or significant chance that an single intends to harm themselves ( Schwartz, 2007 ) . This normally involves a recent effort or menace made by the person ( Schwartz, 2007 ) . Strategy Two Karla would explicate to Howard that because he has continued to imbibe, even after they have talked about non imbibing, she could non help him with his mourning. Furthermore, because he is go oning to imbibe he is making a unsafe state of affairs for both of them. Karla would explicate that if Howard wants her aid with the mourning issues he has been covering with, he would hold to semen to her office. Strategy Three Karla would mention Howard to a drug and intoxicant rehabilitation centre, and explicate to him that until he deals with this issue, bereavement guidance will non make any good. She would explicate that because intoxicant is a sedative, his imbibing, increases the depression that he is covering with ( Bigsby, Ratcliffe, Rexrode, 1996 ) . She would obtain informed consent and name his Grandson. Howard becomes animated when talking about his Great Grandchild and this might be the inducement he needs to prosecute rehabilitation. Karla will besides hold to turn to the bureaus safety policies as they pertain to in place visits that pose safety issues. Karla would run into with her supervisor and explicate that with the current patterns of their bureau they need to see making policies and/or processs that address insecure in-home visits. Recommendation Karla will name Howard and explicate that she can non do their scheduled assignment because he has been imbibing. She will explicate that she would truly wish to help him but she can non when he is inebriated. Kara will propose that he should see rehabilitation and that she will assist him with resources in this affair. Karla will explicate that intoxicant is a sedative and this will add to his unhappiness about his married woman ( Bigsby, et al. , 1996 ) . She will offer to get off some educational stuffs to Howard about intoxicant, its effects, long-run wellness effects, and rehabilitation. Karla will keep a unagitated temperament so that feelings of anxiousness, fright, and anger do non interfere with her ability to pass on efficaciously. She will do her statements in a clear, simple, and direct mode. She will be self-asserting with Howard so her engagement in his state of affairs is seen by Howard as professional and non personal. She will repeat that until he is sober bereavement guidance will non be of much usage to him. She will explicate that she would wish to help him and should be sensitive to his demands. While she must non put herself in danger, she should assist Howard understand that she is available to assist him, merely non at his place if he is under the influence of intoxicant. Karla will seek to obtain informed consent, speak to Howard s Grandson about Howard s issues, and explain that Howard needs their support, love, and aid. Karla will explicate that she believes Howard is a danger to himself, and hence, she must reach the governments and he will be brought to a Community Mental Health Center and if he meets standards for admittance, he will hold to remain. Karla will talk to her supervisor about the absence of safety issues with her supervisor and will propose that they must set policies and processs in topographic point to protect the consumers and workers. Mentions Bigsby, Chris, Ratcliffe, Erin, Rexrode, Letetia ( 1996 ) . The Affects of Alcohol on You. Retrieved February 27, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: // www.mnet.edu/~kcastleb/affect.html Dick, Danielle M. , Smith, Gregory, Olausson, Peter, Mitchell, Suzanne H. , Leeman, Robert F. , OMalley, Stephanie S. , A ; Sher, Kenneth. ( 2010 ) . Understanding the Concept of Impulsivity and it s Relationship to Alcohol Use Disorders. Addiction Biology, 15, 217-226. Retrieved February 26, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www3.interscience.wiley.com.ezproxy.lib.ou.edu/cgi -bin/fulltext/123278047/PDFSTART Downs, Martin. ( 2010 ) . Challenging Old Assumptions About Alcoholism. The New York Times. Retrieved February 25, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //health.nytimes.com/health/ guides/disease/alcoholism/overview.html? inline=nyt-classifier Jeffries, Robin. A ; Frankish, James C. ( 2010 ) . Suicide. Retrieved February 26, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.healthline.com/galecontent/suicide Gusukuma, Isaac V. ( 2002 ) Social Work Safety. School of Social Work. Baylor University. Retrieved February 25, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www3.baylor.edu/Social_Work/pdf/socialworkersafety.pdf Kent, Jack. ( 2010 ) . Alcoholism Research and the Genetic Equation. University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved February 27, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //txtell.lib.utexas.edu/stories/a0001-full.html NASW Code of Ethics. ( 2009 ) . Retrieved February 26, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.socialwork.msu.edu/ethics/nasweth.html Safety Policy and Procedures Guidelines for Social Wortkers. ( 2010 ) . National Association of Social Workers. Massachusetts Chapter. Retrieved February 26, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.naswma.org/displaycommon.cfm? an=1 A ; subarticlenbr=289 Schuckit, Marc A. A ; Smith, Tom L. ( 2006 ) . An Evaluation of the Level of Response to Alcohol, Externalizing Symptoms, and Depressive Symptoms as Predictors of Alcoholism. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, ( 67 ) , 2. Retrieved February 27, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jsad.com.ezproxy.lib.ou.edu/jsad/downloadarticle/ An_Evaluation_of_the_Level_of_Response_to_Alcohol_Externalizing_Symptoms_/ 1014.pdf Schwarz, Allen N. , LCSW. ( 2007 ) . What to make in a Mental Health Emergency. Retrieved February 26, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mentalhelp.net/poc/view_doc.php? type=doc A ; id=28670 A ; w=5 A ; cn=9 United States Department of Labor. ( 1996 ) . Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Guidelines for Preventing Workplace Violence for Health Care and Social Service Workers. Retrieved February 27, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dangerousbehaviour.com/Disturbing_News/ Guidelines % 20for % 20PreventingViolence % 20HSS.htm

General Billy Mitchell - Father of the US Air Force

General Billy Mitchell - Father of the US Air Force Billy Mitchell - Early Life Career: The son of wealthy Senator John L. Mitchell (D-WI) and his wife Harriet, William Billy Mitchell was born on December 28, 1879 at Nice, France. Educated in Milwaukee, he later enrolled at Columbian College (present-day George Washington University) in Washington, DC. In 1898, prior to graduating, he enlisted in the US Army with the goal of fighting in the Spanish-American War. Entering the service, Mitchells father soon used his connections to obtain his son a commission. Though the war ended before he saw action, Mitchell elected to remain in the US Army Signal Corps and spent time in Cuba and the Philippines. Billy Mitchell - An Interest in Aviation: Sent north in 1901, Mitchell successfully built telegraph lines in remote areas of Alaska. During this posting, he began studying Otto Lilienthals glider experiments. This reading, combined with further research, led him to conclude in 1906 that future conflicts would be fought in the air. Two years later, he witnessed a flying demonstration given by Orville Wright at Fort Myer, VA. Sent to the Army Staff College, he became the only Signal Corps Officer on the Army General Staff in 1913. As aviation was assigned to the Signal Corps, Mitchell was well placed to further develop his interest. Associating with many early military aviators, Mitchell was made deputy commander of the Aviation Section, Signal Corps in 1916. At age 38, the US Army felt that Mitchell was too old for flying lessons. As a result, he was forced to seek private instruction at the Curtiss Aviation School in Newport News, VA where he proved a quick study. When the US entered World War I in April 1917, Mitchell, now a lieutenant colonel, was en route to France as an observer and to study aircraft production. Traveling to Paris, he established an Aviation Section office and began connecting with his British and French counterparts. Billy Mitchell - World War I: Working closely with the Royal Flying Corps General Sir Hugh Trenchard, Mitchell learned how to develop aerial combat strategies and plan large-scale air operations. On April 24, he became the first American officer to fly over the lines when he rode with a French pilot. Quickly earning a reputation as a daring and tireless leader, Mitchell was promoted to brigadier general and given command of all American air units in General John J. Pershings American Expeditionary Force. In September 1918, Mitchell successfully planned and orchestrated a campaign using 1,481 Allied aircraft in support of ground forces during the Battle of St. Mihiel. Gaining air superiority over the battlefield, his aircraft aided in driving back the Germans. During his time in France, Mitchell proved a highly effective commander, but his aggressive approach and unwillingness to operate in the chain of command made him numerous enemies. For his performance in World War I, Mitchell received the Distinguished Service Cross, the Distinguished Service Medal, and several foreign decorations. Billy Mitchell - Air Power Advocate: Following the war, Mitchell expected to be placed in command of the US Army Air Service. He was blocked in this goal when Pershing named Major General Charles T. Menoher, an artilleryman, to the post. Mitchell instead was made Assistant Chief of the Air Service and was able to retain his wartime rank of brigadier general. A relentless advocate for aviation, he encouraged US Army pilots to challenge records as well as promoted races and ordered aircraft to aid in fighting forest fires. Convinced that air power would become the driving force of war in the future, he pressed for the creation of an independent air force. Mitchells vocal support of air power brought him into conflict with the US Navy as he felt the ascent of aviation made the surface fleet increasingly obsolete. Convinced that bombers could sink battleships, he argued that aviation should be the US first line of defense. Among those he alienated was Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin D. Roosevelt. Failing to achieve his goals, Mitchell became increasingly outspoken and attacked his superiors in the US Army, as well as the leadership of the US Navy and White House for failing to understand the importance of military aviation. Billy Mitchell - Project B: Continuing to agitate, Mitchell managed in February 1921 to convince Secretary of War Newton Baker and Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels to hold joint Army-Navy exercises in which his aircraft would bomb surplus/captured ships. Though the US Navy was reluctant to agree, it was compelled to accept the exercises after Mitchell learned of their own aerial testing against ships. Believing that he could succeed in wartime conditions, Mitchell also held that a thousand bombers could be built for the price of one battleship making aviation a more economical defense force. Dubbed Project B, the exercises moved forward in June and July 1921 under a set of rules of engagement that greatly favored the survivability of the ships. In the early tests, Mitchells aircraft sank a captured German destroyer and light cruiser. On July 20-21, they attacked the German battleship Ostfriesland. While the aircraft did sink it, they violated the rule of engagement in doing so. In addition, the circumstances of the exercises were not wartime conditions as all of the target vessels were stationary and effectively defenseless. Billy Mitchell - Fall from Power: Mitchell repeated his success later that year by sinking the retired battleship USS in September. The tests incensed President Warren Harding who wished to avoid any show of naval weakness immediately prior to the Washington Naval Conference, but did lead to increased funding for military aviation. Following a protocol incident with his naval counterpart, Rear Admiral William Moffett, at the beginning of the conference, Mitchell was sent overseas on an inspection tour. Returning to the US, Mitchell continued to criticize his superiors regarding aviation policy. In 1924, the commander of the Air Service, Major General Mason Patrick, sent him on a tour of Asia and the Far East to remove him from the limelight. During this tour, Mitchell foresaw a future war with Japan and predicted an aerial attack on Pearl Harbor. That fall, he again blasted the Army and Navy leadership, this time to the Lampert Committee. The following March, his term of Assistant Chief ended and he was exiled to San Antonio, TX, with the rank of colonel, to oversee air operations. Billy Mitchell - Court Martial: Later that year, following the loss of the US Navy airship USS , Mitchell issued a statement accusing the militarys senior leadership of almost treasonable administration of the national defense and incompetence. As a result of these statements, he was brought up on court-martial charges for insubordination at the direction of President Calvin Coolidge. Beginning that November, the court-martial saw Mitchell receive broad public support and notable aviation officers such as Eddie Rickenbacker, Henry Hap Arnold, and Carl Spaatz testified on his behalf. On December 17, Mitchell was found guilty and sentenced to a five-year suspension from active duty and loss of pay. The youngest of the twelve judges, Major General Douglas MacArthur, called serving on the panel distasteful, and voted not guilty stating that an officer should not be silenced for being at variance with his superiors in rank and with accepted doctrine. Rather than accept the punishment, Mitchell resigned on February 1, 1926. Retiring to his farm in Virginia, he continued to advocate for air power and a separate air force until his death on February 19, 1936. Selected Sources National Museum of the US Air Force: Brigadier General William Billy MitchellUS Army: William Billy MitchellEarly Aviators: Billy Mitchell